The Effect of Gender and the Internet on the Level of Corruption in ASEAN 5 (1997-2019)

Indah Susilowati, Olivia Fachrunnisa, Nugroho Sumarjiyanto BM

Abstract


The level of corruption in ASEAN countries, especially ASEAN 5, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, and the Philippines, although gradually declining but still in the high category. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the level of corruption in ASEAN-5 countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, and the Philippines). The level of corruption is proxied using the Corruption Perception Index (CPI), while the independent variable is internet users, and gender is proxied by female labor force participation and male labor force participation. The results show that the increasing number of internet users will reduce the level of corruption as indicated by the increased CPI value. As for gender, increasing female labor force participation will reduce the level of corruption, but the opposite result is shown by the participation of the male labor force. The policy implication of this study is the need to expand the use of the internet and provide wider opportunities for women to work, especially in public offices, to reduce the level of corruption

Keywords


Gender, Internet; Level of Corruption; ASEAN 5.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Alatas, V., Cameron, L., Chaudhuri, A., Erkal, N., & Gangadharan, L. (2009). Gender, culture, and corruption: Insights from an experimental analysis. Southern Economic Jour¬nal, 663-680.

Alhassan-Alolo, N. (2007). Gender and corruption: Testing the new consensus. Public Administration and Development: The International Journal of Management Research and Practice, 27(3), 227-237.

Andersen, T., Bentzen, J., Dalgaard, C., & Selaya, P. (2010). Does the Internet Reduce Corruption. Evidence from US States and Across Countries, 1-34.

Bowman, D. M., & Gilligan, G. (2008). Australian women and corruption: The gender dimension in perceptions of corruption. JOAAG, 3(1), 1-9.

Cheung, A, R & Fernandez, J. (2001). Are Women Really the Fairer Sex? Corruption and Women in Government. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 46(4):423-429

Debski, J., Jetter, M., Mösle, S., & Stadelmann, D. (2018). Gender and corruption: The neglected role of culture. European Journal of Political Economy, 55, 526-537.

Frank, B., Lambsdorff, J. G., & Boehm, F. (2011). Gender and corruption: Lessons from laboratory corruption experiments. The European Journal of Development Research, 23(1), 59-71.

Gangadharan, L., Jain, T., Maitra, P., & Vecci, J. (2016). The fairer sex? Affirmative action, women leaders, and strategic deception.

Greene, W. H. (2003). Econometric analysis. Pearson Education India.

Gujarati, D. N. (2006). Dasar-dasar Ekonometrika (Ketiga). Erlangga.

Hausman, J. A. (1978). Specification tests in econometrics. Econometrica: Journal of the econometric society, 1251-1271.

Hunady, J. (2019). The effect of the Internet on corruption awareness and corruption incidence in the EU. Information Polity, 24(1), 75-89.

Klitgaard, R. (1991). Controlling corruption. Univ of California Press.

Kuncoro, A. (2004). Bribery in Indonesia: some evidence from micro-level data. Bulletin of Indonesian Econo-mic Studies, 40(3), 329-354.

Lio, M. C., Liu, M. C., & Ou, Y. P. (2011). Can the internet reduce corruption? A cross-country study based on dynamic panel data models. Government Information Quarterly, 28(1), 47-53.

Merhi, M. I., & Ahluwalia, P. (2018). Digital Economy and Corruption Perceptions: A Cross-Country Ana-lysis. International Journal of Digital Accounting Research, 18, 29-47.

SBM, N. (2012). Determinan Penyuapan Pada Industri Menengah dan Besar di Jawa. Disertasi Doktor (tidak diterbitkan) pada Program Doktor Ilmu Ekonomi Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis Undip Semarang.

SBM, N. (2012). Korupsi dan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi¬nya di Indonesia. Media Ekonomi dan Manajemen, 26(2), 19-33.

Swamy, A., Knack, S., Lee, Y., & Azfar, O. (2001). Gender and corruption. Journal of development economics, 64(1), 25-55.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24856/mem.v36i1.1811

Article Metrics

Abstract view : 675 times
PDF - 0 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2021 Media Ekonomi dan Manajemen

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.


View My Stats

 
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.