Investigating the Causes and Consequences of Brand Attachment of Luxury Fashion Brand: the Role of Gender, Age, and Income

Endy Gunanto Marsasi, Asih Dewi Yuanita

Abstract


In recent years, luxury fashion brands have experienced drastic growth. This study examines how hedonic motivation, self-image congruence, brand experience, and brand attachment are interrelated factors driving the purchase intention of industrial luxury fashion brands. Our research aims to construct a consumer behaviour model to complete the hedonic motivation process, which influences brand attachment and is influenced by demographic factors. The research model will fully predict the proposed model to examine the effect of gender, age, and income. The survey was conducted in Indonesia with a sample of 324 respondents. Multiple group analysis SEM (Structural Equation Modelling) was used to test the model across samples. The results reveal substantial consumer behaviour disparities based on respondents' gender, age, and income level. Research findings can aid the luxury brand industry, particularly the fashion industry, in comprehending demographic differences. It is crucial to develop specific marketing strategies to promote luxury brands, influencing consumers' purchase intentions.

Keywords


Demographic Factor; Luxury Fashion Brand; Hedonic Motivation; Brand Attachment; Self-Image Congruence

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ahn, J., & Back, K. J. (2018). Beyond gambling: mediating roles of brand experience and attitude. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 30(10), 3026–3039. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-07-2017-0473

Ahn, J., Park, J. K., & Hyun, H. (2018). Luxury product to service brand extension and brand equity transfer. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 42(January), 22–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2018.01.009

Ainsworth, M. D. S. (1969). Object Relations, Dependency, and Attachment: A Theoretical Review of the Infant-Mother Relationship. Child Development, 40(4), 969. https://doi.org/10.2307/1127008

Ajitha, S., & Sivakumar, V. J. (2019). The moderating role of age and gender on the attitude towards new luxury fashion brands. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 23(4), 440–465. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFMM-05-2018-0074

Al-Abdallah, G., Khair, N., & Elmarakby, R. (2021). The Impact of Social Networking Sites on Luxury Vehicles Purchase Decision Process in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 33(5), 559–577. https://doi.org/10.1080/08961530.2020.1867023

Aliyev, F., & Wagner, R. (2018). Cultural Influence on Luxury Value Perceptions: Collectivist vs. Individualist Luxury Perceptions. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 30(3), 158–172. https://doi.org/10.1080/08961530.2017.1381872

Arya, V., Verma, H., Sethi, D., & Agarwal, R. (2019). Brand Authenticity and Brand Attachment: How Online Communities Built on Social Networking Vehicles Moderate the Consumers’ Brand Attachment. IIM Kozhikode Society & Management Review, 8(2), 87–103. https://doi.org/10.1177/2277975219825508

Aureliano-Silva, L., Strehlau, S., & Strehlau, V. (2018). The Relationship between Brand Attachment and Consumers’ Emotional Well-Being. Journal of Relationship Marketing, 17(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332667.2017.1391058

Bennur, S., & Jin, B. (2017). The mediating role of brand trust and affect in clothing brand loyalty formation: a cross-cultural examination of U.S. and India. Journal of the Textile Institute, 108(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405000.2015.1133105

Bosnjak, M., & Rudolph, N. (2008). Undesired self-image congruence in a low-involvement product context. European Journal of Marketing, 42(5–6), 702–712. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090560810862598

Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss: Attachment. V. New York: Basic Books. In Mothers and Sons: Vol. V. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203901106-11

Byrne, B. M. (2010). Structural Equational Modeling with AMOS blue book.

Chen-Yu, J., Cho, S., & Kincade, D. (2016). Brand perception and brand repurchase intent in online apparel shopping: An examination of brand experience, image congruence, brand affect, and brand trust. Journal of Global Fashion Marketing, 7(1), 30–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/20932685.2015.1110042

Chinomona, & Maziriri. (2017). The Influence of Brand Trust, Brand Familiarity and Brand Experience on Brand Attachment: A Case of Consumers in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, 9, 69–81.

Choi, S. M., & Rifon, N. J. (2012). It Is a Match: The Impact of Congruence between Celebrity Image and Consumer Ideal Self on Endorsement Effectiveness. Psychology and Marketing, 29(9), 639–650. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.20550

Chua, B. L., Kim, H. C., Lee, S., & Han, H. (2019). The role of brand personality, self-congruity, and sensory experience in elucidating sky lounge users’ behavior. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 36(1), 29–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2018.1488650

Cuong, D. T. (2020). The role of brand trust as a mediator in the relationship between brand satisfaction and purchase intention. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24(June), 2020. https://doi.org/10.37200/IJPR/V24I6/PR261416

De Villiers, M. V., Chinomona, R., & Chuchu, T. (2018). The influence of store environment on brand attitude, brand experience and purchase intention. South African Journal of Business Management, 49(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v49i1.186

Diallo, M. F., Ben Dahmane Mouelhi, N., Gadekar, M., & Schill, M. (2021). CSR Actions, Brand Value, and Willingness to Pay a Premium Price for Luxury Brands: Does Long-Term Orientation Matter? Journal of Business Ethics, 169(2), 241–260. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-020-04486-5

Diallo, M. F., Moulins, J. L., & Roux, E. (2021). Unpacking brand loyalty in retailing: a three-dimensional approach to customer–brand relationships. International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 49(2), 204–222. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-03-2020-0115

Diaz-Meneses, G. (2010). The Ethics of Consumer Involvement with Fashion: A Freedom under Social Pressure. Textile Research Journal, 80(4), 354–364. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040517509339229

Geyser, W. (2022). The State of Influencer Marketing 2022: Benchmark Report. Influencer Marketing Hub. https://influencermarketinghub.com/influencer-marketing-benchmark-report/

Gilal, F. G., Zhang, J., Gilal, R. G., & Gilal, N. G. (2020). Linking motivational regulation to brand passion in a moderated model of customer gender and age: an organismic integration theory perspective. Review of Managerial Science, 14(1), 87–113. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-018-0287-y

Gómez-Suárez, M., & Veloso, M. (2020). Brand experience and brand attachment as drivers of WOM in hospitality. Spanish Journal of Marketing - ESIC, 24(2), 231–246. https://doi.org/10.1108/SJME-12-2019-0106

Ha, H., & Perks, H. (2005). Hong-Youl Ha. Journal of Consumer Behaviour Vol., 4(6), 438–452.

Hair, F. J., Black, W. ., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate data analysis (7th editio). Harlow : Pearson Education Limited, [2014] ©2014.

Henrique, J. L., & de Matos, C. A. (2015). The influence of personal values and demographic variables on customer loyalty in the banking industry. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 33(4), 571–587. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-06-2014-0082

Hong, J. C., Lin, P. H., & Hsieh, P. C. (2017). The effect of consumer innovativeness on perceived value and continuance intention to use smartwatch. Computers in Human Behavior, 67, 264–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.11.001

Hosany, S., & Martin, D. (2012). Self-image congruence in consumer behavior. Journal of Business Research, 65(5), 685–691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.03.015

Huaman-Ramirez, R., & Merunka, D. (2019). Brand experience effects on brand attachment: the role of brand trust, age, and income. European Business Review, 31(5), 610–645. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-02-2017-0039

Huber, F., Eisele, A., & Meyer, F. (2018). The role of actual, ideal, and ought self-congruence in the consumption of hedonic versus utilitarian brands. Psychology and Marketing, 35(1), 47–63. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21070

Hwang, E., Baloglu, S., & Tanford, S. (2019). Building loyalty through reward programs: The influence of perceptions of fairness and brand attachment. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 76(May 2017), 19–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.03.009

Iftikhar, H., Shah, P., & Luximon, Y. (2020). Exploring the balance between utilitarian and hedonic values of wearable products. In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing (Vol. 967). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20142-5_41

Islam, T., Attiq, S., Hameed, Z., Khokhar, M. N., & Sheikh, Z. (2019). The impact of self-congruity (symbolic and functional) on the brand hate: A study based on self-congruity theory. British Food Journal, 121(1), 71–88. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-03-2018-0206

Jain, S., & Mishra, S. (2020). Luxury fashion consumption in sharing economy: A study of Indian millennials. Journal of Global Fashion Marketing, 11(2), 171–189. https://doi.org/10.1080/20932685.2019.1709097

Japutra, A., Ekinci, Y., Simkin, L., & Nguyen, B. (2018). The role of ideal self-congruence and brand attachment in consumers’ negative behaviour: Compulsive buying and external trash-talking. European Journal of Marketing, 52(3–4), 683–701. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-06-2016-0318

Jayarathne, P. G. S. A. (2020). Self-Congruence and Emotional Brand Attachment: Experience of Young Sri Lankan Smartphone Consumers. 1(1), 1–29.

Joseph Sirgy, M. (2019). Promoting quality-of-life and well-being research in hospitality and tourism. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 36(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2018.1526757

Kang, J., Manthiou, A., Sumarjan, N., & Tang, L. (Rebecca). (2017). An Investigation of Brand Experience on Brand Attachment, Knowledge, and Trust in the Lodging Industry. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 26(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2016.1172534

Karatzas, S., Kapoulas, A., & Priporas, C. V. (2019). Consumers’ perceptions on complexity and prospects of ethical luxury: Qualitative insights from Taiwan. Australasian Marketing Journal, 27(4), 224–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ausmj.2019.08.001

Katz, M., & Katz, E. (2021). Reconceptualizing Attachment Theory Through the Lens of Polyamory. Sexuality and Culture, 26(2), 792–809. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12119-021-09902-0

Kaufmann, H. R., Petrovici, D. A., Filho, C. G., & Ayres, A. (2016). Identifying moderators of brand attachment for driving customer purchase intention of original vs counterfeits of luxury brands. Journal of Business Research, 69(12), 5735–5747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.05.003

Keller, H. (2018). Universality claim of attachment theory: Children’s socioemotional development across cultures. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115(45), 11414–11419. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1720325115

Khan, I., & Fatma, M. (2017). Antecedents and outcomes of brand experience: An empirical study. Journal of Brand Management, 24(5), 439–452. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41262-017-0040-x

Kim, R. B., & Chao, Y. (2019). Effects of brand experience, brand image and brand trust on brand building process: The case of chinese millennial generation consumers. Journal of International Studies, 12(3), 9–21. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2019/12-3/1

Kim, Y. E., & Yang, H. C. (2020). The effects of perceived satisfaction level of high-involvement product choice attribute of millennial generation on repurchase intention: Moderating effect of gender difference. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(1), 131–140. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no1.131

Kressmann, F., Sirgy, M. J., Herrmann, A., Huber, F., Huber, S., & Lee, D. J. (2006). Direct and indirect effects of self-image congruence on brand loyalty. Journal of Business Research, 59(9), 955–964. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.06.001

Kumar, S., & Sadarangani, P. (2021). An Empirical Study on Shopping Motivation among Generation Y Indian. Global Business Review, 22(2), 500–516. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150918807085

Kwak, D. H., & Kang, J. H. (2009). Symbolic purchase in sport: The roles of self-image congruence and perceived quality. Management Decision, 47(1), 85–99. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740910929713

Lee, J. H., & Kim, J. (2014). Socio-demographic gaps in mobile use, causes, and consequences: A multi-group analysis of the mobile divide model. Information Communication and Society, 17(8), 917–936. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2013.860182

Li, Y., Lu, C., Bogicevic, V., & Bujisic, M. (2019). The effect of nostalgia on hotel brand attachment. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 31(2), 691–717. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-12-2017-0797

Liu, Y., Kou, Y., Guan, Z., Hu, J. J., & Pu, B. (2020). Exploring hotel brand attachment: The mediating role of sentimental value. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102143

MajlesiRad, Z., & Haji pour Shoushtari, A. H. (2020). Analysis of the impact of social network sites and eWOM marketing, considering the reinforcing dimensions of the concept of luxury, on tendency toward luxury brand. Future Business Journal, 6(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-020-00025-w

Martín-Consuegra, D., Faraoni, M., Díaz, E., & Ranfagni, S. (2018). Exploring relationships among brand credibility, purchase intention and social media for fashion brands: A conditional mediation model. Journal of Global Fashion Marketing, 9(3), 237–251. https://doi.org/10.1080/20932685.2018.1461020

Mathur, G., khandelwal, A., & Mittal, R. (2019). Antecedents to Purchase Intention – A Perceptual Study About “YouTube” Videos. SSRN Electronic Journal, 1410–1416. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3323763

Mo, T. (2021). “Income vs. education” revisited – the roles of “family face” and gender in Chinese consumers’ luxury consumption. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 33(4), 1052–1070. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-12-2019-0733

Nguyen, Y. T. H., & Nguyen, H. V. (2021). An alternative view of the millennial green product purchase: the roles of online product review and self-image congruence. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 33(1), 231–249. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-10-2019-0612

Nikhashemi, S. R., Jebarajakirthy, C., & Nusair, K. (2019). Uncovering the roles of retail brand experience and brand love in the apparel industry: Non-linear structural equation modelling approach. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 48(January), 122–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.01.014

Nikolopoulou, K., Gialamas, V., & Lavidas, K. (2021). Habit, hedonic motivation, performance expectancy and technological pedagogical knowledge affect teachers’ intention to use mobile internet. Computers and Education Open, 2(March), 100041. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeo.2021.100041

Osei-Frimpong, K. (2019). Understanding consumer motivations in online social brand engagement participation: Implications for retailers. International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 47(5), 511–529. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-08-2018-0151

Park, J., Hyun, H., & Thavisay, T. (2021). A study of antecedents and outcomes of social media WOM towards luxury brand purchase intention. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 58(June 2020), 102272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102272

Pérez, A., & Rodríguez del Bosque, I. (2015). How customers construct corporate social responsibility images: Testing the moderating role of demographic characteristics. BRQ Business Research Quarterly, 18(2), 127–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brq.2014.04.003

Petraviciute, K., Šeinauskiené, B., Rutelione, A., & Krukowski, K. (2021). Linking Luxury Brand Perceived Value, Brand Attachment, and Purchase Intention: The Role of Consumer Vanity. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ su13126912

Ranjbarian, B., & Ghaffari, M. (2018). Direct and indirect effect of tourist self-image congruence on the tourism destination brand loyalty. International Journal of Tourism Policy, 8(3), 187–202. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTP.2018.094477

Rovai, S. (2018). Digitalisation, luxury fashion and “Chineseness”: The influence of the Chinese context for luxury brands and the online luxury consumers experience. Journal of Global Fashion Marketing, 9(2), 116–128. https://doi.org/10.1080/20932685.2018.1435294

Salimi, M., & Khanlari, A. (2018). Congruence Between Self-Concept and Brand Personality, Its Effect on Brand Emotional Attachment. Academy of Marketing Studies Journal, 22(4), 1–22. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349097974

Schade, M., Hegner, S., Horstmann, F., & Brinkmann, N. (2016). The impact of attitude functions on luxury brand consumption: An age-based group comparison. Journal of Business Research, 69(1), 314–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.08.003

Shahid, S., Islam, J. U., Farooqi, R., & Thomas, G. (2021). Affordable luxury consumption: an emerging market’s perspective. International Journal of Emerging Markets, May. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-01-2021-0144

Sharif, K., Kassim, N., & Faisal, M. N. (2019). Domains of Living and key demographics: Their impact on luxury consumption behavior of affluent Qataris. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 31(2), 359–377. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-02-2018-0040

Shephard, A., Pookulangara, S., Kinley, T. R., & Josiam, B. M. (2016). Media influence, fashion, and shopping: a gender perspective. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 20(1), 4–18. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFMM-09-2014-0068

Sirgy, M. J. (1980). The Self-Concept in Relation to Product Preference and Purchase Intention. Marketing Horizons: A 1980’s Perspective, 1969, 350–354. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10966-4_94

Sirgy, M. J., Grewal, D., Mangleburg, T. F., Park, J.-O., Chon, K.-S., Claiborne, C. B., Johar, J. S., & Berkman, H. (1997). Assessing the Predictive Validity of Two Methods of Measuring Self-Image Congruence. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 25(3), 229–241. https://doi.org/10.1177/0092070397253004

Sirgy, M. Joseph, & Su, C. (2000). Destination image, self-congruity, and travel behavior: Toward an integrative model. Journal of Travel Research, 38(4), 340–352. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728750003800402

Sirgy, M Joseph. (1982). Self-Concept in Consumer Behavior: Some Research and Managerial Implications. Journal of Consumer Research, 9(December), 287–300. http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/208924

Sohail, M. S., & Awal, F. (2017). Examining the impact of self-image congruence on brand preference and satisfaction: the moderating effect of expertise. Middle East J. of Management, 4(2), 133. https://doi.org/10.1504/mejm.2017.10005974

Soni, M., Jain, K., & Kumar, B. (2019). Factors affecting the adoption of fashion mobile shopping applications. Journal of Global Fashion Marketing, 10(4), 358–376. https://doi.org/10.1080/20932685.2019.1649165

Tran, T. P., Furner, C. P., & Albinsson, P. A. (2020). Understanding drivers and outcomes of brand attachment in mobile branded apps. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 38(1), 113–124. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCM-02-2020-3657

Valaei, N., & Nikhashemi, S. R. (2017). Generation Y consumers’ buying behaviour in fashion apparel industry: a moderation analysis. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 21(4), 523–543. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFMM-01-2017-0002

van de Sand, F., Frison, A.-K., Zotz, P., Riener, A., & Holl, K. (2020). User Experience Is Brand Experience. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29868-5_1

Verma, P. (2021). The Effect of Brand Engagement and Brand Love upon Overall Brand Equity and Purchase Intention: A Moderated –Mediated Model. Journal of Promotion Management, 27(1), 103–132. https://doi.org/10.1080/10496491.2020.1809591

Vigneron, F., & Johnson, L. W. (1999). A Review and a Conceptual Framework of Prestige-Seeking Consumer Behavior. Academy of Marketing Science Review, 3(1), 1–17. http://www.amsreview.org/articles/vigneron01-1999.pdf

Vredeveld, A. J. (2018). Emotional intelligence, external emotional connections and brand attachment. Journal of Product and Brand Management, 27(5), 545–556. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-10-2017-1613

Walsh, G., Evanschitzky, H., & Wunderlich, M. (2008). Identification and analysis of moderator variables: Investigating the customer satisfaction-loyalty link. European Journal of Marketing, 42(9–10), 977–1004. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090560810891109

Wu, S., Ren, M., Pitafi, A. H., & Islam, T. (2020). Self-Image Congruence, Functional Congruence, and Mobile App Intention to Use. Mobile Information Systems, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5125238

Yang, W., & Mattila, A. (2016). Why do we buy luxury experiences? Measuring value perceptions of luxury hospitality services. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.

Yu, D., & Sapp, S. (2019). Motivations of Luxury Clothing Consumption in the U.S. vs. China. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 31(2), 115–129. https://doi.org/10.1080/08961530.2018.1480446

Yu, X., & Yuan, C. (2019). How consumers’ brand experience in social media can improve brand perception and customer equity. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 31(5), 1233–1251. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-01-2018-0034

Zarantonello, L., & Schmitt, B. H. (2010). Using the brand experience scale to profile consumers and predict consumer behaviour. Journal of Brand Management, 17(7), 532–540. https://doi.org/10.1057/bm.2010.4

Zhang, H., Zhang, K. Z. K., Lee, M. K. O., & Feng, F. (2015). Information Technology & People Brand loyalty in enterprise microblogs : influence of community commitment , IT habit , and participation Article information : To cite this document : About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.com. Information Technology & People.

Zhu, X., Teng, L., Foti, L., & Yuan, Y. (2019). Using self-congruence theory to explain the interaction effects of brand type and celebrity type on consumer attitude formation. Journal of Business Research, 103(xxxx), 301–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.01.055

Zikmund, Carr, W. G., Babin, J. C., & Barry Griffin, M. (2013). Business Research Methods. 8th Ed, 668.

ZARA indonesia, https://www.zara.com/id/id/z-stores-st1404.html?v1=11108




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.56444/mem.v38i1.3268

Article Metrics

Abstract view : 3855 times
PDF - 0 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 Media Ekonomi dan Manajemen

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.


View My Stats

 
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.