EFEKTIVITAS RESTORATIVE JUSTICE DALAM PENYELESAIAN KASUS KRIMINALITAS RINGAN: STUDI KASUS DENGAN METODE STUDI KOMPARATIF

Maulana Fahmi Idris, Althea Serafim Kriswandaru, Berliant Pratiwi

Abstract


Restorative justice has gained attention as an alternative approach to resolving minor criminal cases, offering a rehabilitative and community-oriented process. In Indonesia, its implementation aims to reduce the judicial burden and promote offender reintegration. However, inconsistencies in application and its effectiveness in reducing recidivism remain concerns. This study evaluates the effectiveness of restorative justice in Indonesia by examining case resolution speed, victim satisfaction, and recidivism rates. Using a comparative study method with qualitative and quantitative approaches, data were collected from legal documents, case studies (2018–2023), and stakeholder interviews. The findings show that cases resolved through restorative justice increased from 500 in 2018 to 2,300 in 2023, reflecting broader adoption. Survey results indicate 70% of victims were satisfied with restorative justice outcomes, compared to 50% in conventional proceedings. The recidivism rate for offenders undergoing restorative justice was 40%, lower than 55% in conventional sentencing but still higher than the Netherlands (65%) and Canada (68%). This study highlights the importance of law enforcement support, victim participation, and community involvement in the success of restorative justice. Strengthening national policies is essential to ensure more consistent and effective implementation. These findings offer valuable insights for policymakers in enhancing restorative justice practices in Indonesia to build a more efficient and rehabilitative criminal justice system.


Keywords


Restorative Justice; Recidivism Rate; Judicial Efficiency; Criminal Justice Policy; Legal System Reform;

References


Alexander, Gwynn, Schoene Mahmood, Jessica Sunio and Michele Romolini, ‘Institutional Transformation to Nurture Restorative Justice Practitioners: A Cross-Sector Exploration of a Regional Community Practice in Southern California’, Journal of Community Practice, 32 (2024), 127–47 https://doi.org/10.1080/10705422.2024.2311251

April, Keisha, Shannon W Schrader, Toni E Walker, Robert M Francis, Hector Glynn and Derrick M Gordon, ‘Conceptualizing Juvenile Justice Reform: Integrating the Public Health, Social Ecological, and Restorative Justice Models’, Children and Youth Services Review, 148 (2023), 106887 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.106887

Banwell-Moore, Rebecca, ‘Restorative Justice: Adopting a Whole System Approach to Address Cultural Barriers in Criminal Justice’, Criminology & Criminal Justice, 24 (2024), 1028–46 https://doi.org/10.1177/17488958241268005

Barmaki, Reza, ‘On the Incompatibility of “Western” and Aboriginal Views of Restorative Justice in Canada: A Claim Based on an Understanding of the Cree Justice’, Contemporary Justice Review, 25 (2022), 24–55 https://doi.org/10.1080/10282580.2021.2018654

Barocas, Briana, Hila Avieli and Linda G Mills, ‘Restorative Justice Treatment for Domestic Violence Crimes: A Qualitative Study’, Criminal Justice and Behavior, 50 (2023), 1805–26 https://doi.org/10.1177/00938548231202815

Bonett, Robert, Caleb D Lloyd, Ariel G Stone and James RP Ogloff, ‘Group Conferencing Is Associated with Lower Rates of Repeated Recidivism Among Higher-Risk Youth and There Are Enhanced Effects Based on Who Attended the Conference’, Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 23 (2025), 72–93 https://doi.org/10.1177/15412040241258952

Bredal, Anja, Kari Stefansen and Margunn Bjørnholt, ‘Why Do People Participate in Research Interviews? Participant Orientations and Ethical Contracts in Interviews with Victims of Interpersonal Violence’, Qualitative Research, 24 (2024), 287–304 https://doi.org/10.1177/14687941221138409

Cavanagh, Caitlin, ‘Healthy Adolescent Development and the Juvenile Justice System: Challenges and Solutions’, Child Development Perspectives, 16 (2022), 141–47 https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12461

González‐Bailón, Sandra and Yphtach Lelkes, ‘Do Social Media Undermine Social Cohesion? A Critical Review’, Social Issues and Policy Review, 17 (2023), 155–80 https://doi.org/10.1111/sipr.12091

Islam, Mohammad Saidul, Bin Li and John Anderson, ‘An Assessment of the Potential Outcomes in Practising Restorative Justice in Criminal Settings in Australia and the United States: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis’, Contemporary Justice Review, 26 (2023), 262–98 https://doi.org/10.1080/10282580.2023.2297833

Jiang, Jize and Zhifeng Chen, ‘Victim Welfare, Social Harmony, and State Interests: Implementing Restorative Justice in Chinese Environmental Criminal Justice’, Asian Journal of Criminology, 18 (2023), 171–88 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11417-022-09376-5

Kimbrell, Catherine S, David B Wilson and Ajima Olaghere, ‘Restorative Justice Programs and Practices in Juvenile Justice: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis for Effectiveness’, Criminology & Public Policy, 22 (2023), 161–95 https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9133.12613

Klok, CW, AF Kirkels and F Alkemade, ‘Impacts, Procedural Processes, and Local Context: Rethinking the Social Acceptance of Wind Energy Projects in the Netherlands’, Energy Research & Social Science, 99 (2023), 103044 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2023.103044

Lussier, Patrick, Evan McCuish, Stéphanie Chouinard Thivierge and Julien Frechette, ‘A Meta-Analysis of Trends in General, Sexual, and Violent Recidivism among Youth with Histories of Sex Offending’, Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 25 (2024), 54–72 https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380221137653

Maglione, Giuseppe, ‘Restorative Justice Policy in Context: A Legal-Archaeological Analysis’, International Journal for the Semiotics of Law - Revue Internationale de Sémiotique Juridique, 35 (2022), 493–517 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11196-020-09747-0

Marder, Ian D, ‘Mapping Restorative Justice and Restorative Practices in Criminal Justice in the Republic of Ireland’, International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, 70 (2022), 100544 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlcj.2022.100544

Rood, Grace and Precious Skinner-Osei, ‘Forging Bonds: Restorative Justice Approaches for African American Communities’, Journal of African American Studies, 28 (2024), 347–57 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12111-024-09667-4

Shem-Tov, Yotam, Steven Raphael and Alissa Skog, ‘Can Restorative Justice Conferencing Reduce Recidivism? Evidence From the Make‐it‐Right Program’, Econometrica, 92 (2024), 61–78 https://doi.org/10.3982/ECTA20996

Shih, Yi-Che, ‘Ocean Governance in Practice: A Study of the Application of Marine Science and Technology Research Techniques to Maritime Law Enforcement in Taiwan’, Marine Policy, 163 (2024), 106081 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106081

Stahl, Garth, Samantha Schulz, Melanie Baak and Ben Adams, ‘“You Fight Your Battles and You Work out How You’re Going to Change”: The Implementation, Embedding and Limits of Restorative Practices in an Australian Rural Community School’, Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 52 (2024), 82–100 https://doi.org/10.1080/1359866X.2023.2228215

Yukhnenko, Denis, Leen Farouki and Seena Fazel, ‘Criminal Recidivism Rates Globally: A 6-Year Systematic Review Update’, Journal of Criminal Justice, 88 (2023), 102115 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2023.102115

Yulianto, Semi, Benfano Soewito, Ford Lumban Gaol and Aditya Kurniawan, ‘Enhancing Cybersecurity Resilience through Advanced Red-Teaming Exercises and MITRE ATT&CK Framework Integration: A Paradigm Shift in Cybersecurity Assessment’, Cyber Security and Applications, 3 (2025), 100077




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.56444/malrev.v6i01.5888

Article Metrics

Abstract view : 267 times
PDF (Bahasa Indonesia) - 0 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.



Publishing Office :

Indexed in :




Creative Commons License