Legal Deconstruction of Digital Consumer Protection through the Potential Implementation of Data Portability Principles in Indonesia

Raden Budi Nurjaman; Yuyut Prayuti

doi:10.56444/jidh.v10i1.6559

Legal Deconstruction of Digital Consumer Protection through the Potential Implementation of Data Portability Principles in Indonesia

Raden Budi Nurjaman, Yuyut Prayuti

Sari

This research analyzes the effectiveness of legal protection for consumers in digital business transactions in Indonesia through the principle of data portability, focusing on the financial technology and electronic commerce sectors. Indonesia ranks thirteenth globally in data breaches, with around 156.8 million personal data records leaked from 2004 to April 2024. Since 2017, the Financial Services Authority has closed more than eleven thousand illegal financial entities, many of which misused consumer data. These problems show the urgent need for stronger rules to give consumers better control over their personal information. The study aims to examine how the principle of data portability is applied in practice and how the Consumer Protection Law and the Personal Data Protection Law can work together to create a safer digital environment. It uses a normative juridical method with statutory, comparative, and case study approaches. The findings reveal that most businesses lack proper systems for data transfer and have not reached international standards. The main obstacles are the absence of clear technical guidelines, limited supervision resources, and low awareness among companies. In conclusion, stronger government regulations, better infrastructure, multi-stakeholder support, and public education are needed to make data portability a real tool for protecting digital consumers and building trust in Indonesia’s growing digital economy.

Kata Kunci

Data Portability, Digital Consumer Protection, Digital Legal Transformation, Fintech Regulation, Personal Data Leakage.

Teks Lengkap:

PDF (English)

Referensi

Adistiya, Kadek Nova, Si Ngurah Ardhya, Putu Riski Ananda Kusuma, and Muhamad Jodi Setianto. “Legal protection for consumers against personal data leaks based on Article 16 Paragraph 2 Letter E of Law Number 27 of 2022 Concerning Personal Data Protection.” Sui Generis Law Journal 4, no. 3 (2024): 1–13.

Akbar, Alief, Mohamad Kastulani, and Basir Basir. “Perlindungan Hukum Atas Data Pribadi Konsumen Dalam Perdagangan Elektronik Berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 80 Tahun.” Journal of Sharia and Law 3, no. 4 (2025): 1217–1237.

Alamsyah, Rahmat, Sukarno Sukarno, and Irma Istihara Zain. “Legal Protection for Consumers in Digital Transactions Through the Dana Application Based on Positive Law in Indonesia.” Unizar Recht Journal (URJ) 3, no. 3 (2024): 447–455.

Algamar, Muhammad Deckri, and Noriswadi Ismail. “Data subject access request: what Indonesia can learn and operationalise in 2024?” Journal of Central Banking Law and Institutions 2, no. 3 (2023): 481–512.

Ali, Zainuddin. Legal research methods. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, 2021.

Araujo, Amandio De. “Consumer Protection in the Digital Age: A Legal Analysis of Online Transaction Security in Indonesia.” Mandalika Law Journal 2, no. 2 (2024): 42–49.

Arianti, Zahra Dwi, and Rina Arum Prastyanti. “Legal Response to Consumer Protection Risks in The Information Technology Era.” International Journal of Business, Law, and Education 6, no. 2 (2025): 1063-1069.

Aswandi, Ririn, Purti Rofifah Nabilah Muchin, and Muhammad Sultan. “Perlindungan data dan informasi pribadi melalui Indonesian Data Protection System (IDPS).” Jurnal Legislatif (2020): 167-190.

Dzuhriyan, Ahmad Refi, Surya Indra Permana, and M. Khaidir Ali Gufron. “Consumer Legal Protection in Online Transactions: Challenges and Opportunities in Indonesia’s Digital Economy.” Justice Voice 3, no. 1 (2025): 9–16.

Fauzy, Elfian, and Nabila Alif Radika Shandy. “Hak Atas Privasi dan Politik Hukum Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2022 Tentang Pelindungan Data Pribadi.” Lex Renaissance 7, no. 3 (2022): 445-461.

Fikri, Muhammad, and Shelvi Rusdiana. “Ruang Lingkup Perlindungan Data Pribadi: Kajian Hukum Posistif Indonesia.” Ganesha Law Review 5, no. 1 (2023): 39-57.

Katiandagho, Vicky, Diana Darmayanti Putong, and Isye Junita Melo. “Undang–Undang Perlindungan Data Pribadi Memperkuat Undang–Undang Perbankan Dalam Menjaga Rahasia Data Nasabah Dan Untuk Melindungi Data Pribadi Masyarakat Indonesia.” Jurnal Hukum to-ra: Hukum Untuk Mengatur dan Melindungi Masyarakat 9, no. 1 (2023): 106-114.

Lie, Gunardi, and Aiska Rahima Az-Zahra. “Legal Analysis of Consumer Protection in E-Commerce Business in Indonesia.” Journal of Accounting Law Communication and Technology 2, no. 1 (2024): 259–266.

Mahameru, Danil Erlangga, Aisyah Nurhalizah, Haikal Badjeber, Ahmad Wildan, and Haikal Rahmadia. “Implementation of the personal data protection law on identity information security in Indonesia.” Jurnal Esensi Hukum 5, no. 2 (2023): 115–131.

Maleno, Muhammad, and Andriana Kusumawati. “Comparative Analysis of Indonesia’s Personal Data Protection Law with the European Union and California Regulations to Identify Best Practices in Protecting Public Privacy Rights.” Indonesia Law College Association Law Journal 3, no. 2 (2024): 91–98.

Michelie, Tobias Jogi Panjaitan, and Sekar Ayu Larasati. “Analysis of Fintech Company Cermati’s Compliance in Protecting Consumers’ Personal Data.” Democracy: Journal of Legal, Social and Political Research 2, no. 1 (2024): 163–175.

Nur Rachmi Latifa. “The Personal Data Leak Crisis: Poor Governance in Indonesia,” SiberMate, December 6, 2024. Retrieved in October 23, 2025 from https://sibermate.com/hrmi/krisis-kebocoran-data-pribadi-tata-kelola-yang-buruk-di-indonesia.

OJK. “Task Force to Block 498 Illegal Entities in September 2024,” OJK, November 5, 2024. Retrieved in October 28, 2025 from https://ojk.go.id/id/berita-dan-kegiatan/info-terkini/Pages/Satgas-Pasti-Blokir-498-Entitas-Ilegal-di-September-2024.aspx?utm_source=chatgpt.com.

Pembayun, Eys Putri, and Arifin Faqih Gunawan. “Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Konsumen dalam Transaksi Digital: Tinjauan terhadap Implementasi UU Perlindungan Konsumen di Marketplance.” Jurnal Fakta Hukum 3, no. 2 (2025): 84-94.

Prayuti, Yuyut. “Dinamika perlindungan hukum konsumen di era digital: Analisis hukum terhadap praktik E-Commerce dan Perlindungan data konsumen di indonesia.” Jurnal Interpretasi Hukum 5, no. 1 (2024): 903–913.

Purna Putra, Grahadi. “Legal Issues in Consumer Protection for Digital Products: Challenges and Solutions in the E-Commerce Era.” Business Law Journal 13, no. 6 (2024): 1–10.

Rahardjo, Satjipto. Penegakan hukum progresif. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas, 2010.

Rasid, Muhamad. “Implications of the Consumer Personal Data Protection Law in E-Commerce Transactions.” Journal of Law, Humanities and Politics 5, no. 4 (2025): 3149–3158.

Rosidah, Zaidah Nur, and Lego Karjoko. “Enhancing Consumer Protection in Electronic Transactions in Indonesia.” Sriwijaya Law Review no. 31 (2025): 194–207.

Safrida, Safrida. “Dynamics of Consumer Protection Law in the Digital Era: Case Study on E-Commerce in Indonesia.” International Journal of Educational Research & Social Sciences 6, no. 1 (2025): 49–59.

Sonata, Depri Liber. “Normative and Empirical Legal Research Methods: Distinctive Characteristics of Legal Research Methods.” FIAT JUSTISIA: Journal of Legal Science 8, no. 1 (2015): 131-145.

Sulistianingsih, Dewi, Miftakhul Ihwan, Andry Setiawan, and Muchammad Shidqon Prabowo. “Tata kelola perlindungan data pribadi di era metaverse (telaah yuridis undang-undang perlindungan data pribadi).” Masalah-Masalah Hukum 52, no. 1 (2023): 97-106.

Wahyuni, Niniek. “Consumer Protection in Indonesia on Selling and Buying Transactions Through E-Commerce.” Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law 4, no. 1 (2018): 1–8.

Widijowati, Dijan. “Enhancing Consumer Protection in Electronic Commerce Transactions.” Research Horizon 3, no. 4 (2023): 283–290.

Wiwoho, Jamal, Umi Khaerah Pati, and Anugrah Muhtarom Pratama. “Enabling data portability and interoperability under Indonesia’s data protection law.” Legal Issues 53, no. 3 (2024): 279–290.

Wong, Janis, and Tristan Henderson. “The Right to Data Portability in Practice: Exploring the Implications of the Technologically Neutral GDPR.” International Data Privacy Law 9, no. 3 (2019): 173–191.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.56444/jidh.v10i1.6559